EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN- OWNED ENTERPRISES IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
Résumé
The objective of this study is to extend the Resource Based View (RBV) of the firm in investigating the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and financial resources on the performance of women owned enterprises in Northern Nigeria. The study is a cross-sectional survey which used structured questionnaire to collect data from 342women owner/ managers of micro and small businesses out of which 216 of the instrument was used for the analysis. The sample size was determined using Israel, (1992) formula for determining sample size. The hypothesized paths were examined with the use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The result indicates that entrepreneurial orientation and financial resources have significant positive effects on the performance of women owned enterprises in the study area. The study recommends that women owner/ managers should adopt the managerial style that reflects their willingness to be innovative and proactive. Also women should intensify their efforts in sourcing for adequate financing from internal and external sources.
Références
Abiodun, A. A., & Amos, D.D. (2018). The performance of women entrepreneurs: Human and financial capital. Triple A Resource Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 2(1), 30-37.
Al-Swidi, A. K., & Al- Hosam, A. (2012). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the organizational performance: A study on the Islamic banks in Yemen using Partial Least Squares approach. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Oman Chapter)2(1), 73-84.
Altinay, L., & Altinay, E. (2006). Determinants of ethnic minority entrepreneurial growth in the catering sector. The Service Industry Journal, 26(2), 203-221. Doi: 10.1080/02642060500369354.
Asad, M., Sharif, M. N., & Alekam, J. M. (2016). Moderating effect of entrepreneurial networking on the relationship between access to finance and performance of micro and small enterprises. Paradigm: A research Journal of Commerce, Economics and Social Sciences.10(1), 1-13.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm’s resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
Bromiley, P. & Rau, D. (2016). Operation management and the Resource Based View: Another look. Journal of Operation Management 41, 95-106.
Charupongsopon, W. & Puriwar, W. (2017). Influence of entrepreneurial orientation and family business resources and capabilities on marketing performance. European Research Studies Journal, 20(2a) 150-163
Chin, W. W. (1998). Commentary: Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling. MIS Quarterly,22(1), 7-16.
Chong, G. H. (2008). Measuring performance of small and medium sized enterprises: The grounded theory approach. Journal of Business and Public Affairs2(1).
Coleman, S. (2007). The role of financial and human capital in the profitability and growth of women owned firms. Journal of Small Business Management,45(3), 303-319.
Covin, J.G., & Slevin, D.P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as a firm behavior,
Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-25.
Covin, J.G. & Slevin, D.P. (1989). Strategic management and small firms in hostile and benign environment, Strategic Management Journal,10, 75-87.
Delmar, F., Davidsson, P., & Gartner, W. B. (2003). Arriving at the high growth firm, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), 189-216.
Ekpenyong, N. S. (2014). Women entrepreneurship in micro, small and medium enterprises in Akwa Ibom State. Journal of Business and Management,16(3), 8-13.
Ezirim, A., & Nwokah, N. (2009). Firm’s entrepreneurial orientation and export marketing performance in the Nigerian oil sector. European Journal of Scientific Research, 35(3), 318-336.
Fatoki, O. O. (2011). The impact of human, social and financial capital on the performance of small and medium sized enterprises in South Africa. Journal of Social Sciences,29(3), 193- 204.
Ferreira, J., Azevedo, S. G. & Fernandez, R. (2011). Contributions of resource based view and entrepreneurial orientation on small firms’ growth. Caudemos de gestion, 11(1), 95-116. DOI:10.5295/cdg.100185jf
Fornell , C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation modeling with unobservable variables and measurements error. Journal of Market Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Hair, J. F., Hult, T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A prima on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). California:Sage publications.
Hussain, J., Ismail, K., & Shah, F. A. (2015). Effect of market and entrepreneurial orientation on organizational performance: Study of Malaysian SMEs. City University Research Journal, 5(2), 203-218.
Idris, A.J., & Agbim, K.C.(2015). Microcredit as a Strategy for poverty eradication among women entrepreneurs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. JournalofBusinessStudiesQuarterly6(3), 122-141.
Irwin, K.C., Landay, L.D., Aaron, J.R., McDowell, W.C., Marino, L.D. & Geho, P.R. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and human resource outsourcing (HRO): A HERO combination for SME performance. Journal of Business Research, 90(3), 134-140, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.016
Israel, G. D. (1992). Determining sample size, program evaluation and organizational development, IFAS, university of Florida.POED-6, November 1992. Retrieved from www.soc.uoc.gr/socmedia/pagegeo/metaptyxiakoi/sample_size/samplesizepdf
Kalkan, A., Bozkurt, O. C., & Bayraktaroglu, H. (2015). The effect of human capital, social capital and financial capital on the performance of SMEs. Research Paper Management, 4(10), 241-247.
Kim, T.H., Cenfetelli, R.T. & Benbasat, I. (2012). Organizational performance with environmental knowledge intensity: Resources VS. knowledge based performance
Thirty third International Conference on Information System, Orlando 2012. Retrieved October 26 2018 from www.pdfs.semanticscholars.org
Lumpkin, G. & Dess, G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance, Academy of Management Review,21(1), 135-172.
Mahmood, R., & Hanafi, N. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance of women owned small and medium enterprises in Malaysia: Competitive advantage as mediator. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(1), 82-90.
Miller, D. (1983). The correlate of entrepreneurship in three firms. Management Science, 29(7),770-791.
Miller, D., & Freisen, P. H. (1982). Innovation in conservative and entrepreneurial firm: Two models of strategic momentum, Strategic Management Journal, 3(1), 1-25. Doi: 10.1002/smj.4250030102
Monecke, A., & Leisch, F. (2012). SEM PLS: Structural equation modeling using partial least square, Journal of Statistical Software, 48(3), 1-32.
Nasip, S., Fabeil, N.F., Buncha, M.R., Hui, J.N.L, Sondoh, S.L., & Abd Halim, D.N. (2017). Influence of entrepreneurial orientation and social capital on business performance among women entrepreneurs along west coast Sabah Malaysia. Proceedings of International Conference on Economics, 2017
Newbert, S. (2007). Empirical research on the resource-based view of the firm: An assessment and suggestion for future research. Strategic Management Journal, 28(2), 121-146.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), (2004). Women entrepreneurship: Issues and policies, 2nd OECD conference of ministers responsible for small and medium sized enterprises, Istanbul, Turkey. Retrieved 12 May 2016 from www.oecd.org/cfe/smes/31919215
Orser, B. J., Hogarth-Scott, S., & Riding, A. L. (2000). Performance, firm size and management problem solving. Journal of Small Business Management, 38(4), 42-58.
Osunsan, K. O. (2015). Gender and performance of small scale enterprises in Kampala, Uganda.
Asian Journal of Social Science and Humanities,4(10), 55-65.
Rodriguez-Guteirrez, P. I., Feuntes-Feuntes, M., & Rodriguez- Ariza, L. (2013). Women entrepreneurs in Mexico: An analysis of financial, human and social capital. European Scientific Journal, 9(16), 246-264.
Runyan, C.R., Huddleson, P., & Swinney, J.L(2007). A resource based view of small firm: Using qualitative approach to uncover small firm resources. Quarterly Market Research: An International Journal. 10(4), 390-402.
Sarfaraz, L., Faghih, N., & Majd, A. A. (2014). The relationship between women entrepreneurship and gender equality. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 2(1), 1-11. Doi: 10.1186/2251-7516-2-6
Stacey, R. (2011). Strategic management and organizational dynamics: The challenges of complexity; (6th ed) Boston, MA: Pearson Education Company
Suyanto, A. & Pratano, H. (2014). The impact of entrepreneurship orientation, human capital and social capital on innovative success of small firms in East Java. Journal Manajmen Teknologi 13(1), 13-21. Doi: 10. 12695/jmt.2014.1321
Tehseen, S. & Ramayah, T. (2015). Entrepreneurial competencies and SMEs business success: The contingent role of external integration. Mediterranean Journal of Social Science, 6(1), 50-61.
Wales, W.J., Gupta, V.,& Mousa, F. (2011).Empirical research on entrepreneurial orientation: An assessment and suggestion for future research. International Small
Business Journal,31(41), 357-383. Doi: 10 1177/0266242611418261
Walker, E., & Brown, A. (2004). What success factors are important to small business owners?
International Small Business Journal, 22(1), 577-594.
Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(1), 171-180.
White, M., Maru, L., & Boit, R. J. (2015). Financial resources as drivers of performance in small and microenterprise in service and retail sector: A case of Eldoret municipality, Uasin, Gishu county, Kenya, Global Journal of Human Social Sciences E-Economics, 15(2), 1-12. Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2003). Knowledge based resources, entrepreneurial orientation and performance of small and medium sized businesses. Strategic Management Journal,
24(13), 1307-1314.
Wong, K. K. K. (2013). Partial Least Square, Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), technique using Smart PLS, Marketing Bulleting, 2013, 24 technical notes 1. Retrieved 13 February 2016 from www.pdf.semanticscholars.org
Yadav, M.P., Venkata, V.P.R.P, & Pradhan, R.S. (2018). Impact of financial, social and human capital on entrepreneurial success. International Journal of Small Business and Entreprneurship 6(4), 1-28.
Yallapragada, R. & Bhuiyan, M, (2011). Small business entrepreneurship in the United States.
Journal of Applied Business Research, 27(6), 1-12.
Yohannes, F., Zainol, A., and Kholid, M.M. (2017). Influence of social capital and entrepreneurial orientation on business strategy and performance of micro, small and medium enterprises: A study of Timor Tengar Utara. RJOAS 12 (72), 26-38. Doi: 10. 18558/rjoas.2017.12.11
Zhai, Y., Sun, W., Tsai, S., Wan, Z., Zhao, Y., Chin, Q. (2018). An empirical study on entrepreneurial orientation, absorptive capacity and SME innovative performance: A sustainability perspective. Sustainability 10, (3) 1-14, doi:10.3390/su100720314.
Al-Swidi, A. K., & Al- Hosam, A. (2012). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the organizational performance: A study on the Islamic banks in Yemen using Partial Least Squares approach. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Oman Chapter)2(1), 73-84.
Altinay, L., & Altinay, E. (2006). Determinants of ethnic minority entrepreneurial growth in the catering sector. The Service Industry Journal, 26(2), 203-221. Doi: 10.1080/02642060500369354.
Asad, M., Sharif, M. N., & Alekam, J. M. (2016). Moderating effect of entrepreneurial networking on the relationship between access to finance and performance of micro and small enterprises. Paradigm: A research Journal of Commerce, Economics and Social Sciences.10(1), 1-13.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm’s resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
Bromiley, P. & Rau, D. (2016). Operation management and the Resource Based View: Another look. Journal of Operation Management 41, 95-106.
Charupongsopon, W. & Puriwar, W. (2017). Influence of entrepreneurial orientation and family business resources and capabilities on marketing performance. European Research Studies Journal, 20(2a) 150-163
Chin, W. W. (1998). Commentary: Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling. MIS Quarterly,22(1), 7-16.
Chong, G. H. (2008). Measuring performance of small and medium sized enterprises: The grounded theory approach. Journal of Business and Public Affairs2(1).
Coleman, S. (2007). The role of financial and human capital in the profitability and growth of women owned firms. Journal of Small Business Management,45(3), 303-319.
Covin, J.G., & Slevin, D.P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as a firm behavior,
Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-25.
Covin, J.G. & Slevin, D.P. (1989). Strategic management and small firms in hostile and benign environment, Strategic Management Journal,10, 75-87.
Delmar, F., Davidsson, P., & Gartner, W. B. (2003). Arriving at the high growth firm, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), 189-216.
Ekpenyong, N. S. (2014). Women entrepreneurship in micro, small and medium enterprises in Akwa Ibom State. Journal of Business and Management,16(3), 8-13.
Ezirim, A., & Nwokah, N. (2009). Firm’s entrepreneurial orientation and export marketing performance in the Nigerian oil sector. European Journal of Scientific Research, 35(3), 318-336.
Fatoki, O. O. (2011). The impact of human, social and financial capital on the performance of small and medium sized enterprises in South Africa. Journal of Social Sciences,29(3), 193- 204.
Ferreira, J., Azevedo, S. G. & Fernandez, R. (2011). Contributions of resource based view and entrepreneurial orientation on small firms’ growth. Caudemos de gestion, 11(1), 95-116. DOI:10.5295/cdg.100185jf
Fornell , C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation modeling with unobservable variables and measurements error. Journal of Market Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Hair, J. F., Hult, T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A prima on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). California:Sage publications.
Hussain, J., Ismail, K., & Shah, F. A. (2015). Effect of market and entrepreneurial orientation on organizational performance: Study of Malaysian SMEs. City University Research Journal, 5(2), 203-218.
Idris, A.J., & Agbim, K.C.(2015). Microcredit as a Strategy for poverty eradication among women entrepreneurs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. JournalofBusinessStudiesQuarterly6(3), 122-141.
Irwin, K.C., Landay, L.D., Aaron, J.R., McDowell, W.C., Marino, L.D. & Geho, P.R. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and human resource outsourcing (HRO): A HERO combination for SME performance. Journal of Business Research, 90(3), 134-140, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.016
Israel, G. D. (1992). Determining sample size, program evaluation and organizational development, IFAS, university of Florida.POED-6, November 1992. Retrieved from www.soc.uoc.gr/socmedia/pagegeo/metaptyxiakoi/sample_size/samplesizepdf
Kalkan, A., Bozkurt, O. C., & Bayraktaroglu, H. (2015). The effect of human capital, social capital and financial capital on the performance of SMEs. Research Paper Management, 4(10), 241-247.
Kim, T.H., Cenfetelli, R.T. & Benbasat, I. (2012). Organizational performance with environmental knowledge intensity: Resources VS. knowledge based performance
Thirty third International Conference on Information System, Orlando 2012. Retrieved October 26 2018 from www.pdfs.semanticscholars.org
Lumpkin, G. & Dess, G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance, Academy of Management Review,21(1), 135-172.
Mahmood, R., & Hanafi, N. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance of women owned small and medium enterprises in Malaysia: Competitive advantage as mediator. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(1), 82-90.
Miller, D. (1983). The correlate of entrepreneurship in three firms. Management Science, 29(7),770-791.
Miller, D., & Freisen, P. H. (1982). Innovation in conservative and entrepreneurial firm: Two models of strategic momentum, Strategic Management Journal, 3(1), 1-25. Doi: 10.1002/smj.4250030102
Monecke, A., & Leisch, F. (2012). SEM PLS: Structural equation modeling using partial least square, Journal of Statistical Software, 48(3), 1-32.
Nasip, S., Fabeil, N.F., Buncha, M.R., Hui, J.N.L, Sondoh, S.L., & Abd Halim, D.N. (2017). Influence of entrepreneurial orientation and social capital on business performance among women entrepreneurs along west coast Sabah Malaysia. Proceedings of International Conference on Economics, 2017
Newbert, S. (2007). Empirical research on the resource-based view of the firm: An assessment and suggestion for future research. Strategic Management Journal, 28(2), 121-146.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), (2004). Women entrepreneurship: Issues and policies, 2nd OECD conference of ministers responsible for small and medium sized enterprises, Istanbul, Turkey. Retrieved 12 May 2016 from www.oecd.org/cfe/smes/31919215
Orser, B. J., Hogarth-Scott, S., & Riding, A. L. (2000). Performance, firm size and management problem solving. Journal of Small Business Management, 38(4), 42-58.
Osunsan, K. O. (2015). Gender and performance of small scale enterprises in Kampala, Uganda.
Asian Journal of Social Science and Humanities,4(10), 55-65.
Rodriguez-Guteirrez, P. I., Feuntes-Feuntes, M., & Rodriguez- Ariza, L. (2013). Women entrepreneurs in Mexico: An analysis of financial, human and social capital. European Scientific Journal, 9(16), 246-264.
Runyan, C.R., Huddleson, P., & Swinney, J.L(2007). A resource based view of small firm: Using qualitative approach to uncover small firm resources. Quarterly Market Research: An International Journal. 10(4), 390-402.
Sarfaraz, L., Faghih, N., & Majd, A. A. (2014). The relationship between women entrepreneurship and gender equality. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 2(1), 1-11. Doi: 10.1186/2251-7516-2-6
Stacey, R. (2011). Strategic management and organizational dynamics: The challenges of complexity; (6th ed) Boston, MA: Pearson Education Company
Suyanto, A. & Pratano, H. (2014). The impact of entrepreneurship orientation, human capital and social capital on innovative success of small firms in East Java. Journal Manajmen Teknologi 13(1), 13-21. Doi: 10. 12695/jmt.2014.1321
Tehseen, S. & Ramayah, T. (2015). Entrepreneurial competencies and SMEs business success: The contingent role of external integration. Mediterranean Journal of Social Science, 6(1), 50-61.
Wales, W.J., Gupta, V.,& Mousa, F. (2011).Empirical research on entrepreneurial orientation: An assessment and suggestion for future research. International Small
Business Journal,31(41), 357-383. Doi: 10 1177/0266242611418261
Walker, E., & Brown, A. (2004). What success factors are important to small business owners?
International Small Business Journal, 22(1), 577-594.
Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(1), 171-180.
White, M., Maru, L., & Boit, R. J. (2015). Financial resources as drivers of performance in small and microenterprise in service and retail sector: A case of Eldoret municipality, Uasin, Gishu county, Kenya, Global Journal of Human Social Sciences E-Economics, 15(2), 1-12. Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2003). Knowledge based resources, entrepreneurial orientation and performance of small and medium sized businesses. Strategic Management Journal,
24(13), 1307-1314.
Wong, K. K. K. (2013). Partial Least Square, Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), technique using Smart PLS, Marketing Bulleting, 2013, 24 technical notes 1. Retrieved 13 February 2016 from www.pdf.semanticscholars.org
Yadav, M.P., Venkata, V.P.R.P, & Pradhan, R.S. (2018). Impact of financial, social and human capital on entrepreneurial success. International Journal of Small Business and Entreprneurship 6(4), 1-28.
Yallapragada, R. & Bhuiyan, M, (2011). Small business entrepreneurship in the United States.
Journal of Applied Business Research, 27(6), 1-12.
Yohannes, F., Zainol, A., and Kholid, M.M. (2017). Influence of social capital and entrepreneurial orientation on business strategy and performance of micro, small and medium enterprises: A study of Timor Tengar Utara. RJOAS 12 (72), 26-38. Doi: 10. 18558/rjoas.2017.12.11
Zhai, Y., Sun, W., Tsai, S., Wan, Z., Zhao, Y., Chin, Q. (2018). An empirical study on entrepreneurial orientation, absorptive capacity and SME innovative performance: A sustainability perspective. Sustainability 10, (3) 1-14, doi:10.3390/su100720314.
Publiée
2019-07-15
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